Which of the following minerals has been declared by India as a Critical and Strategic Mineral under the MMDR (Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation) Act, 1957?
A. Bauxite
B. Coking Coal
C. Limestone
D. Gypsum
Correct Answer: B. Coking Coal
Explanation:
A. Bauxite — Incorrect
Bauxite is the principal ore of aluminium and is economically important, but it is not categorized as a critical and strategic mineral under the MMDR critical minerals notification framework.
B. Coking Coal — Correct
Coking coal is essential for steel production and is classified as a critical and strategic mineral by India due to its importance in core industries and limited domestic availability.
C. Limestone — Incorrect
Limestone is widely used in cement and construction industries and is abundantly available; it is not designated as a strategic mineral.
D. Gypsum — Incorrect
Gypsum is used in cement, fertilizers, and plaster but is not included in the critical and strategic minerals list.