Topic-2
Biology
1. What is the carrier of Genetic Information in the human being ?- DNA
2. What is the carrier of the Genetic Information in the retrovirus ?- RNA. Retrovirus are of two types : Onco Virus ( Tumours ) and Lenti Virus ( HIV)
3. A big vacuole is found in which type of cell ?- Plant Cell
4. Centrioles and Centrosomes are found in which type of cell ?- Animal Cell
5. What are the types of the Nucleic Acids ?- DNA and RNA
6. Who discovered DNA and RNA ?- James D Watson and Francis Crick
7. What are the names of the four bases of the DNA ?- Adenine & Guanine (Purine Bases ) Cytosine and Thymine ( Pyrimidine Bases )
8. What are the three types of the RNA?- mRNA , rRNA and tRNA
9. What are constituents of the nucleotides ?- Nitrogenous Base , A Ribose Sugar and A Phosphate Sugar
10. What are the major types of the cell division ?-Mitosis and Meiosis
11. How many daughter cells are derived after the Mitosis division? – Two
12. How many daughter cells are derived after Meiosis division ?- Four
13. Which division of cells results in tumour or cancer ?- Mitosis
14. What are the functions of the body that are controlled by DNA ?- Heredity , Evolution , Metabolism , Structure and Differentiation
15. Which function of the body is controlled by RNA ?- Protein Synthesis
16. What are the major organic compounds in the Carbohydrates ?- Carbon Hydrogen and Oxygen
17. What is the main end product of the Carbohydrates ?-Digestion of Glucose ( Blood Sugar )
18. How much energy is provided by the 1 gm of glucose ?- 17 kJ or 4.2 kcal
19. Which bio-molecule absorb in the body more quickly than other bio-molecules ?- Carbohydrates
20. What are the main sources of the Carbohydrates ?- Wheat , Maize , Rice and Potato
21. What are the simplest sugar ?- Monosaccharide like Ribose , Glucose , Fructose and Galactose
22. How many Monosaccharide are there in the Oligosaccharides Carbohydrates?- 2-10 Monosaccharide like in Sucrose , Maltose , Lactose etc.
23. How many monosaccharides are released on the hydrolysis of Polysaccharides?- More than ten
24. What are the three major types of the Carbohydrates ?- Monosaccharide, Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides
25. What are the major functions of the Carbohydrates ?
· Provide Energy to the body.
· Work as reserve of the food.
· Help in Synthesis of the nucleic acid.
· Form Exoskeleton of human beings.
26. What are the major compounds of protein ?- Carbon , Hydrogen , Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur
27. What are the main sources of protein ?- Groundnuts , Soyabean , Pulses and Fish
28. What is the main function of protein ?- Growth and Repair of the body
29. What is the deficiency of the protein called ?- Kwashiorkor and Marasmus
30. What are the constituents of Lipids (Fats + Vitamins ) ?- Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
31. What are the main sources of Fats ? –Butter , Ghee , Almond , Cheese , Egg Yolk , Meat , Soyabean
32. What are the main sources of Carbohydrates ?- Wheat , Maize , Rice , Potato
33. Which enzymes help in the digestion of fats ?- Lipase
34. What are the two major types of Fatty Acids ?-Saturated and Unsaturated
35. Which kind of fats cause blood cholesterol ?-Saturated
36. What is the skin fat in whale and seals is called ?- Blubber
37. Who discovered vitamin first of all ?- F.G. Hopkins
38. Who coined the term Vitamin ?- C Funk
39. Which vitamins are Fat –Soluble ?- Vitamin A, D, E and K
40. Which vitamins are water soluble ?- Vitamin B and C
41. Which vitamin in our body contains cobalt ?- Vitamin B-12
42. Which vitamins is synthesized in our body in the colon by a bacteria ?- Vitamin K
43. What is the Chemical name of the Vitamin-A ? – Retinol
44. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin-A ?- Night Blindness
45. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin D ?- Rickets and Osteomalacia
46. What is the chemical name of the Vitamin D ?- Calciferol
47. What is the chemical name of the Vitamin E ? –Tocopherol
48. Which disease is caused due to the deficiency of Vitamin E ?-Infertility
49. What is the chemical name of the Vitamin K?- Phylloquinone
50. What disease is caused due the deficiency of Vitamin K ?-Non-Clotting of Blood.